Global Business Tax Services Market Growth (Status and Outlook) 2023-2029

LPI (LP Information)' newest research report, the “Business Tax Services Industry Forecast” looks at past sales and reviews total world Business Tax Services sales in 2022, providing a comprehensive analysis by region and market sector of projected Business Tax Services sales for 2023 through 2029. With Business Tax Services sales broken down by region, market sector and sub-sector, this report provides a detailed analysis in US$ millions of the world Business Tax Services industry.

This Insight Report provides a comprehensive analysis of the global Business Tax Services landscape and highlights key trends related to product segmentation, company formation, revenue, and market share, latest development, and M&A activity. This report also analyzes the strategies of leading global companies with a focus on Business Tax Services portfolios and capabilities, market entry strategies, market positions, and geographic footprints, to better understand these firms’ unique position in an accelerating global Business Tax Services market.

This Insight Report evaluates the key market trends, drivers, and affecting factors shaping the global outlook for Business Tax Services and breaks down the forecast by type, by application, geography, and market size to highlight emerging pockets of opportunity. With a transparent methodology based on hundreds of bottom-up qualitative and quantitative market inputs, this study forecast offers a highly nuanced view of the current state and future trajectory in the global Business Tax Services.

The global Business Tax Services market size is projected to grow from US$ million in 2022 to US$ million in 2029; it is expected to grow at a CAGR of % from 2023 to 2029.

United States market for Business Tax Services is estimated to increase from US$ million in 2022 to US$ million by 2029, at a CAGR of % from 2023 through 2029.

China market for Business Tax Services is estimated to increase from US$ million in 2022 to US$ million by 2029, at a CAGR of % from 2023 through 2029.

Europe market for Business Tax Services is estimated to increase from US$ million in 2022 to US$ million by 2029, at a CAGR of % from 2023 through 2029.

Global key Business Tax Services players cover Ryan, LLC., Duff & Phelps (Kroll), Deloitte, KPMG, Altus Group, PwC, EY, RubinBrown and Moss Adams, etc. In terms of revenue, the global two largest companies occupied for a share nearly % in 2022.

This report presents a comprehensive overview, market shares, and growth opportunities of Business Tax Services market by product type, application, key players and key regions and countries.

Market Segmentation:
Segmentation by type
    National Federal Tax Services
    Tax Accounting
    Others

Segmentation by application
    Manufacturing Industry
    Service Industry
    Government Agency

This report also splits the market by region:
    Americas
        United States
        Canada
        Mexico
        Brazil
    APAC
        China
        Japan
        Korea
        Southeast Asia
        India
        Australia
    Europe
        Germany
        France
        UK
        Italy
        Russia
    Middle East & Africa
        Egypt
        South Africa
        Israel
        Turkey
        GCC Countries

The below companies that are profiled have been selected based on inputs gathered from primary experts and analyzing the company's coverage, product portfolio, its market penetration.
    Ryan, LLC.
    Duff & Phelps (Kroll)
    Deloitte
    KPMG
    Altus Group
    PwC
    EY
    RubinBrown
    Moss Adams
    RSM International
    BDO
    Grant Thornton
    CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA)
    Crowe
    CBIZ
    Cushman & Wakefield
    Advantax
    CohnReznick
    EisnerAmper
    Cherry Bekaert
    Hilco Valuation Services
    Paradigm Tax Group
    Bryden Johnson
    Newmark

List of Tables
    Table 1. Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Region (2018 VS 2022 VS 2029) & ($ Millions)
    Table 2. Major Players of National Federal Tax Services
    Table 3. Major Players of Tax Accounting
    Table 4. Major Players of Others
    Table 5. Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Type (2018 VS 2022 VS 2029) & ($ Millions)
    Table 6. Global Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 7. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
    Table 8. Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Application (2018 VS 2022 VS 2029) & ($ Millions)
    Table 9. Global Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 10. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
    Table 11. Global Business Tax Services Revenue by Players (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 12. Global Business Tax Services Revenue Market Share by Player (2018-2023)
    Table 13. Business Tax Services Key Players Head office and Products Offered
    Table 14. Business Tax Services Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2021-2023)
    Table 15. New Products and Potential Entrants
    Table 16. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
    Table 17. Global Business Tax Services Market Size by Regions 2018-2023 & ($ Millions)
    Table 18. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Regions (2018-2023)
    Table 19. Global Business Tax Services Revenue by Country/Region (2018-2023) & ($ millions)
    Table 20. Global Business Tax Services Revenue Market Share by Country/Region (2018-2023)
    Table 21. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 22. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
    Table 23. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 24. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
    Table 25. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 26. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
    Table 27. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Region (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 28. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
    Table 29. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 30. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
    Table 31. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 32. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
    Table 33. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 34. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
    Table 35. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 36. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
    Table 37. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 38. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
    Table 39. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Region (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 40. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
    Table 41. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 42. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
    Table 43. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Table 44. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
    Table 45. Key Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities of Business Tax Services
    Table 46. Key Market Challenges & Risks of Business Tax Services
    Table 47. Key Industry Trends of Business Tax Services
    Table 48. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Forecast by Regions (2024-2029) & ($ Millions)
    Table 49. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share Forecast by Regions (2024-2029)
    Table 50. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Forecast by Type (2024-2029) & ($ Millions)
    Table 51. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Forecast by Application (2024-2029) & ($ Millions)
    Table 52. Ryan, LLC. Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 53. Ryan, LLC. Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 54. Ryan, LLC. Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 55. Ryan, LLC. Main Business
    Table 56. Ryan, LLC. Latest Developments
    Table 57. Duff & Phelps (Kroll) Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 58. Duff & Phelps (Kroll) Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 59. Duff & Phelps (Kroll) Main Business
    Table 60. Duff & Phelps (Kroll) Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 61. Duff & Phelps (Kroll) Latest Developments
    Table 62. Deloitte Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 63. Deloitte Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 64. Deloitte Main Business
    Table 65. Deloitte Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 66. Deloitte Latest Developments
    Table 67. KPMG Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 68. KPMG Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 69. KPMG Main Business
    Table 70. KPMG Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 71. KPMG Latest Developments
    Table 72. Altus Group Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 73. Altus Group Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 74. Altus Group Main Business
    Table 75. Altus Group Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 76. Altus Group Latest Developments
    Table 77. PwC Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 78. PwC Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 79. PwC Main Business
    Table 80. PwC Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 81. PwC Latest Developments
    Table 82. EY Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 83. EY Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 84. EY Main Business
    Table 85. EY Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 86. EY Latest Developments
    Table 87. RubinBrown Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 88. RubinBrown Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 89. RubinBrown Main Business
    Table 90. RubinBrown Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 91. RubinBrown Latest Developments
    Table 92. Moss Adams Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 93. Moss Adams Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 94. Moss Adams Main Business
    Table 95. Moss Adams Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 96. Moss Adams Latest Developments
    Table 97. RSM International Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 98. RSM International Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 99. RSM International Main Business
    Table 100. RSM International Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 101. RSM International Latest Developments
    Table 102. BDO Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 103. BDO Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 104. BDO Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 105. BDO Main Business
    Table 106. BDO Latest Developments
    Table 107. Grant Thornton Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 108. Grant Thornton Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 109. Grant Thornton Main Business
    Table 110. Grant Thornton Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 111. Grant Thornton Latest Developments
    Table 112. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 113. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 114. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Main Business
    Table 115. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 116. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Latest Developments
    Table 117. Crowe Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 118. Crowe Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 119. Crowe Main Business
    Table 120. Crowe Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 121. Crowe Latest Developments
    Table 122. CBIZ Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 123. CBIZ Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 124. CBIZ Main Business
    Table 125. CBIZ Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 126. CBIZ Latest Developments
    Table 127. Cushman & Wakefield Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 128. Cushman & Wakefield Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 129. Cushman & Wakefield Main Business
    Table 130. Cushman & Wakefield Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 131. Cushman & Wakefield Latest Developments
    Table 132. Advantax Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 133. Advantax Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 134. Advantax Main Business
    Table 135. Advantax Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 136. Advantax Latest Developments
    Table 137. CohnReznick Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 138. CohnReznick Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 139. CohnReznick Main Business
    Table 140. CohnReznick Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 141. CohnReznick Latest Developments
    Table 142. EisnerAmper Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 143. EisnerAmper Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 144. EisnerAmper Main Business
    Table 145. EisnerAmper Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 146. EisnerAmper Latest Developments
    Table 147. Cherry Bekaert Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 148. Cherry Bekaert Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 149. Cherry Bekaert Main Business
    Table 150. Cherry Bekaert Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 151. Cherry Bekaert Latest Developments
    Table 152. Hilco Valuation Services Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 153. Hilco Valuation Services Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 154. Hilco Valuation Services Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 155. Hilco Valuation Services Main Business
    Table 156. Hilco Valuation Services Latest Developments
    Table 157. Paradigm Tax Group Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 158. Paradigm Tax Group Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 159. Paradigm Tax Group Main Business
    Table 160. Paradigm Tax Group Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 161. Paradigm Tax Group Latest Developments
    Table 162. Bryden Johnson Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 163. Bryden Johnson Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 164. Bryden Johnson Main Business
    Table 165. Bryden Johnson Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 166. Bryden Johnson Latest Developments
    Table 167. Newmark Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors
    Table 168. Newmark Business Tax Services Product Offered
    Table 169. Newmark Main Business
    Table 170. Newmark Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
    Table 171. Newmark Latest Developments
List of Figures
    Figure 1. Business Tax Services Report Years Considered
    Figure 2. Research Objectives
    Figure 3. Research Methodology
    Figure 4. Research Process and Data Source
    Figure 5. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Growth Rate 2018-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 6. Business Tax Services Sales by Geographic Region (2018, 2022 & 2029) & ($ millions)
    Figure 7. Business Tax Services Sales Market Share by Country/Region (2022)
    Figure 8. Business Tax Services Sales Market Share by Country/Region (2018, 2022 & 2029)
    Figure 9. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type in 2022
    Figure 10. Business Tax Services in Manufacturing Industry
    Figure 11. Global Business Tax Services Market: Manufacturing Industry (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Figure 12. Business Tax Services in Service Industry
    Figure 13. Global Business Tax Services Market: Service Industry (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Figure 14. Business Tax Services in Government Agency
    Figure 15. Global Business Tax Services Market: Government Agency (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
    Figure 16. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application in 2022
    Figure 17. Global Business Tax Services Revenue Market Share by Player in 2022
    Figure 18. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Regions (2018-2023)
    Figure 19. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 20. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 21. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 22. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 23. Americas Business Tax Services Value Market Share by Country in 2022
    Figure 24. United States Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 25. Canada Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 26. Mexico Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 27. Brazil Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 28. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region in 2022
    Figure 29. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type in 2022
    Figure 30. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application in 2022
    Figure 31. China Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 32. Japan Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 33. Korea Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 34. Southeast Asia Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 35. India Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 36. Australia Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 37. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Country in 2022
    Figure 38. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
    Figure 39. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
    Figure 40. Germany Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 41. France Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 42. UK Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 43. Italy Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 44. Russia Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 45. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
    Figure 46. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
    Figure 47. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
    Figure 48. Egypt Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 49. South Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 50. Israel Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 51. Turkey Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 52. GCC Country Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
    Figure 53. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 54. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 55. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 56. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 57. United States Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 58. Canada Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 59. Mexico Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 60. Brazil Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 61. China Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 62. Japan Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 63. Korea Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 64. Southeast Asia Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 65. India Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 66. Australia Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 67. Germany Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 68. France Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 69. UK Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 70. Italy Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 71. Russia Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 72. Spain Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 73. Egypt Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 74. South Africa Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 75. Israel Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 76. Turkey Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 77. GCC Countries Business Tax Services Market Size 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
    Figure 78. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2029)
    Figure 79. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share Forecast by Application (2024-2029)

Ryan, LLC.
Duff & Phelps (Kroll)
Deloitte
KPMG
Altus Group
PwC
EY
RubinBrown
Moss Adams
RSM International
BDO
Grant Thornton
CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA)
Crowe
CBIZ
Cushman & Wakefield
Advantax
CohnReznick
EisnerAmper
Cherry Bekaert
Hilco Valuation Services
Paradigm Tax Group
Bryden Johnson
Newmark

LP Information presents a detailed picture of the market by way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources. The analysts have presented the various facets of the market with a particular focus on identifying the key industry influencers. The data thus presented is comprehensive, reliable, and the result of extensive research, both primary and secondary.

• Primary Source
  Players/Suppliers
  Industry Experts
  Distributors/Traders
  Opinion Leaders
  Front-line Staff
  Marketing Executives

  Secondary Source
  Journals and Periodicals
  Government Bodies
  Annual Reports
  Presentations
  Paid Databases
  LPI Internal Repository

• Data Synthesis
  Information Gathering
  Collation of Data
  Estimation of Key Figures
  Analysis of Derived Insights

  Data Validation
  Triangulation with Data Models
  Reference Against Proprietary
  Databases
  Corroboration with Industry Experts

• Qualitative Analysis
  Market drivers
  Market challenges
  Market trends
  Five forces analysis

  Qualitative Analysis
  Market size and forecast
  Market segmentation
  Geographical insights
  Competitive landscape